Minnesota EMS protocols,
in your pocket.

CC Central Venous Catheters: common sites

Internal jugular vein, subclavian vein, and femoral vein.

Intramuscular Injection: deltoid site

Landmark 2–3 finger widths below the acromion process; max volume 1-2 mL. Easily accessible and good for small volumes; avoid in small children or underweight adults.

Intraosseous Infusion: proximal tibia landmark

Approximately 2 cm below the patella and approximately 2 cm (depending on patient anatomy) medial to the tibial tuberosity.

Termination of Resuscitation: CPR has been started on a patient without a DNR or POLST. When may it be terminated?

• When the crew agrees the patient is dead
• After 20 minutes of asystole without contacting a physician
• When family requests it
• ✓ Only after physician declaration, in person or via radio

Once resuscitation (CPR) has begun, it may be terminated only AFTER physician declaration (in person or via radio communication) unless a valid DNR or appropriate POLST order is present.

Adult Cardiac Arrest: ALS is not on scene, CPR is ongoing, and no LUCAS device is available. What does the guideline direct?

• Place an endotracheal tube
• ✓ Remain on scene, continue CPR, and consider ALS intercept
• Initiate transport immediately
• Stop resuscitation

LUCAS device available NO leads to remain on scene, continue CPR, and consider ALS intercept; YES leads to initiate transport.